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  • Wild and Free! The Quality of Wildness in Wilderness in the United States
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Wild and Free! The Quality of Wildness in Wilderness in the United States

  • Article
  • Middle School
  • 1 Classroom Period
  • Wilderness
  • Federal Land
  • Geographic Information System
  • Land Cover
  • Wilderness
  • Wildness
Illustration of children looking at a 3D map of an area with various land covers: city, roads, forest, desert, lake, etc.
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According to the scientists in this study, wildness is one of the central qualities of wilderness. To say that an area is wild in this sense, the scientists believed that it must have two qualities: (1) it must have the quality of naturalness, and (2) it must be free from the control of humans. In this study, the scientists wanted to find out whether their belief that wilderness is more natural and freer from human control than other lands is really true.

Wild and Free! The Quality of Wildness in Wilderness in the United States

Part Of

Wilderness Benefits - Vol. 7 No. 1

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  • In this FACTivity, you will do a project that is similar to what the scientists did in this study by assessing land cover and determining the levels of wildness in...

    FACTivity – Wild and Free!

    • Activity
    • Middle School
    • 1 Classroom Period
    • Wilderness
    • Land Cover
    • Land Use
    • Mapping
    • Scoring
    • Wildness
    In this FACTivity, you will do a project that is similar to what the scientists did in this study by assessing land cover and determining the levels of wildness in...
    Explore Activity Download Activity (PDF)
    Explore Activity Download Activity (PDF)

    Part Of

    Wild and Free! The Quality of Wildness in Wilderness in the United States

Glossary

View All Glossary
  • aerial

    (er ē ǝl): Of, relating to, or occurring in the air or atmosphere.

  • component

    (kǝm pō nǝnt): A part or element of something; an ingredient.

  • composition

    (käm pǝ zi shǝn): The manner in which the parts of a thing are put together.

  • genetic diversity

    (juh neh tik di vür suh te): The condition of having or being composed of a variety of differing genes.

  • hypothesis

    (hī pä thǝ sǝs): An assumption or idea that is proposed for the sake of argument so that it can be tested to see if it might be true.

  • indicator

    (in dǝ kā tǝr): Something that acts as a sign, symptom, or index of.

  • land cover

    (land kə vər): Data that documents how much of a region is covered by forests, wetlands, impervious surfaces, agriculture, and other land and water types, like wetlands or open water.  Definition from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA).

  • manage

    (ma nij): (1) To look after and make decisions about; (2) to treat with care.

  • median

    (mē dē ən): A value in a series arranged from smallest to largest below and above which there are an equal number of values or which is the average of the two middle values if there is no one middle value.

  • national forest

    (na sh(ə) nəl fȯr əst): A usually forested area of considerable extent that is preserved by government decree from private exploitation and is harvested only under supervision; managed by the USDA Forest Service in the United States.

  • national grassland

    (na sh(ə) nəl gras land): Grassland managed by the USDA Forest Service for sustainable multiple uses as part of the National Forest System. Definition from the USDA Forest Service.

  • national park

    (na sh(ə) nəl pärk): An area of special scenic, historical, or scientific importance set aside and maintained by a national government and in the U.S. by an act of Congress; managed by the National Park Service, part of the U.S. Department of the Interior.

  • national wildlife refuge

    (na sh(ə) nəl wī(ə)l(d) līf re fyüj): A contiguous area of land and water managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for the conservation and, where appropriate, restoration of fish, wildlife, and plant resources and their habitats. Definition from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

  • native

    (nā tiv): Living or growing naturally in a particular region.

  • plant community

    (plant kə myü nə tē ): An interacting population of various kinds of plants (such as species) in a common location.

  • reservoir

    (re zǝ vwär): An artificial lake where water is collected and kept in quantity for use.

  • satellite imagery

    (sa tǝ līt i mij rē): Pictures taken from a satellite, which is a manufactured object or vehicle intended to orbit the Earth, the Moon, or another celestial body.

  • species

    (spē sēz or spē shēz): A category of living things that ranks below a genus, is made up of related individuals able to produce fertile offspring, and is identified by a two-part scientific name.

  • speculate

    (spe kyǝ lāt): To think or wonder about a subject; to theorize.

  • Superfund

    (sü pər fənd): The informal name for the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA); the act that allows the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to clean up contaminated sites and also forces the parties responsible for the contamination to either perform cleanups or reimburse the government for EPA-led cleanup work. Definition from the Environmental Protection Agency.

  • Dr. Aplet sitting in front of a mountain range

    Gregory Aplet

    Forest Ecologist

    My favorite science experience was studying vegetation development on lava flows in Hawai’i. It was fascinating to see how plants get started on bare rock, but the coolest thing was...
    View Profile
  • Dr. Morton in a canyon

    Pete Morton

    Economist/Resource Economist

    My favorite science experience was the summer I spent camping with Dr. Aplet in the Colorado mountains when we were doing some research on wilderness. During the day, we collected...
    View Profile
  • Mr. Wilbert in front of water

    Mark Wilbert

    My favorite science experience was being the field technician for a research project where we investigated the fertilizer benefits and the environmental impact of irrigating young forests with wastewater from...
    View Profile

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  • Education Standards
  • Educator Guide
  • Lesson Plans
  • Education Files

Standards addressed in this Article:

Social Studies Standards

Social Studies Standards are educational guidelines outlining the essential knowledge, skills, and concepts students should learn in subjects such as history, geography, civics, and economics, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of societal structures, historical events, and global perspectives.
  • People, Places, and Environments
  • Science, Technology, and Society
  • Time, Continuity, and Change

Note To Educators

The Forest Service's Mission

The Forest Service’s mission is to sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of the Nation’s forests and grasslands to meet the needs of present and future generations. For more than 100 years, our motto has been “caring for the land and serving people.” The Forest Service, an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), recognizes its responsibility to be engaged in efforts to connect youth to nature and to promote the development of science-based conservation education programs and materials nationwide.

USDA and Forest Service Logos

What Is the Natural Inquirer?

Natural Inquirer is a science education resource journal to be used by students in grade 6 and up. Natural Inquirer contains articles describing environmental and natural resource research conducted by Forest Service scientists and their cooperators. These scientific journal articles have been reformatted to meet the needs of middle school students. The articles are easy to understand, are aesthetically pleasing to the eye, contain glossaries, and include hands-on activities. The goal of Natural Inquirer is to stimulate critical reading and thinking about scientific inquiry and investigation while teaching about ecology, the natural environment, and natural resources.

Natural Inquirer bee sitting at a desk with paper and pencil

  • Meet the Scientists

    Introduces students to the scientists who did the research. This section may be used in a discussion about careers in science.

  • What Kinds of Scientist Did This Research?

    Introduces students to the scientific disciplines of the scientists who conducted the research.

  • Thinking About Science

    Introduces something new about the scientific process, such as a scientific habit of mind or procedures used in scientific studies.

  • Thinking About the Environment

    Introduces the environmental topic being addressed in the research.

  • Introduction

    Introduces the problem or question that the research addresses.

  • Method

    Describes the method the scientists used to collect and analyze their data.

  • Findings & Discussion

    Describes the results of the analysis. Addresses the findings and places them into the context of the original problem or question.

  • Reflection Section

    Presents questions aimed at stimulating critical thinking about what has been read or predicting what might be presented in the next section. These questions are placed at the end of each of the main article sections.

  • Number Crunches

    Presents an easy math problem related to the research.

  • Glossary

    Defines potentially new scientific or other terms to students. The first occurrence of a glossary word is bold in the text.

  • Citation

    Gives the original article citation with an internet link to the original article.

  • FACTivity

    Presents a hands-on activity that emphasizes something presented in the article.


Science Education Standards

You will find a listing of education standards which are addressed by each article at the back of each publication and on our website.


We Welcome Feedback

  • Contact

    Jessica Nickelsen
    Director, Natural Inquirer program

  • Email

    Contact us here.

Lessons

  • This five-day lesson plan can be used in whole or in part to accompany the Wilderness Benefits edition of Natural Inquirer. Students will brainstorm and then research features of wilderness...

    Lesson Plan – Wilderness Benefits

    • Lesson Plan
    • Middle School
    • 5 Classroom Periods
    • Creative Writing
    • National Wilderness Preservation System
    • Student Research
    • Wilderness
    This five-day lesson plan can be used in whole or in part to accompany the Wilderness Benefits edition of Natural Inquirer. Students will brainstorm and then research features of wilderness...
    Explore Lesson Plan Download Lesson Plan (PDF)
    Explore Lesson Plan Download Lesson Plan (PDF)

    Part Of

    Wilderness Benefits - Vol. 7 No. 1

Education Files

Jump To

  • Additional Resources

Additional Resources

  • USDA Forest Service: Wilderness

    Learn more about wilderness and the National Wilderness Preservation System.

    Visit Website
  • Wilderness Connect

    Created by a partnership between the University of Montana and federal agencies, Wilderness Connect educates hundreds of thousands of visitors annually about the benefits of wilderness and stewardship of wilderness under the Wilderness Act.

    Visit Website
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The Natural Inquirer program produces a variety of science education materials for PreK through grade 12. Natural Inquirer products are produced by the USDA Forest Service, FIND Outdoors, and other cooperators and partners.

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